Design Considerations for Integrating Liquid-cooled AI Servers into Data Centers

Liquid cooling requires input and output piping, manifolds, and coolant distribution units (CDUs) to control the temperature, pressure, chemistry, and flow of fluid to AI servers. Integrating these liquid-cooled AI servers into an existing air-cooled data center is challenging for data center operators. We provide design considerations for CDUs including best practices for the technology cooling system (TCS) loop. We investigate six common liquid cooling architectures with design considerations that help data center operators deploy liquid cooling for servers, racks, and clusters.