Demand-Side Strategies for Sustainable Transformation

This report examines demand-side strategies for sustainable transformation, focusing on how industrial decarbonization, often viewed as a cost, can be a source of economic competitiveness. Through scenario analysis and techno-economic modeling of processes like green steel and e-ammonia production, the report finds that industries can leverage renewable energy volatility by integrating on-site generation and flexible operations, significantly lowering production costs and enhancing resilience. The research reveals that the potential for direct electrification is widely underestimated and that circular economy principles in sectors like construction are critical for reducing emissions and creating new markets for green materials. Ultimately, the paper emphasizes the need for industrial policies that support these demand-led transformations, suggesting a strategic approach can align sustainability objectives with economic growth and industrial modernization.