Edge Computing: Supporting your Digital Transformation

Edge computing is an IT deployment designed to put applications and data as close as possible to the users or “things” that need them.

Edge computing is necessary to address shortcomings in cloud-based applications and services with respect to performance and regulatory requirements. In short, cloud computing can’t always meet the required demands in terms of response time that critical applications require. Companies that face government regulations regarding where data is stored may also find cloud computing can’t deliver the sort of local storage they need.

It’s an issue because the trend toward digitisation to improve efficiency and business performance is fuelling demand for applications that require peak performance, particularly Internet of Things (IoT) applications. IoT applications often require lots of bandwidth, low latency, and reliable performance while meeting regulatory and compliance mandates, making them classic candidates for the edge.

While edge computing deployments can take many forms, they generally fall into one of three categories:

1. Local devices that serve a specific purpose, such as an appliance that runs a building’s security system or a cloud storage gateway that integrates an online storage service with premise-based systems, facilitating data transfers between them.
2. Small, localised data centres (1 to 10 racks) that offer significant processing and storage capabilities.
3. Regional data centres with more than 10 racks that serve relatively large local user populations.

Regardless of size, each of these edge examples is important to the business, so maximising availability is essential.

It’s critical then, that companies build edge data centres with the same attention to reliability and security as they would for a large, centralised data centre. This site is intended to provide the information you need to build secure, reliable, and manageable high-performance edge data centres that can help fuel your organisation’s digital transformation.

The IoT involves collecting data from various sensors and devices and applying algorithms to the data to glean insights that deliver business benefits. Industries ranging from manufacturing, utility distribution, traffic management to retail, medical and even education are making use of the technology to improve customer satisfaction, reduce costs, improve security and operations, and enrich the end user experience, to name a few benefits.

A retailer, for example, may use data from IoT applications to better serve customers, by anticipating what they may want based on past purchases, offering on-the-spot discounts, and improving their own customer service groups. For industrial environments, IoT applications can be used to support preventive maintenance programmes by providing the ability to detect when the performance of a machine varies from an established baseline, indicating it’s in need of maintenance.

The list of potential use cases is virtually endless, but they all have one thing in common: collecting lots of data from many sensors and smart devices and using it to drive business improvements.

Many IoT applications rely on cloud-based resources for compute power, data storage and application intelligence that yields business insights. However, it’s often not optimal to send all the data generated by sensors and devices directly to the cloud, for reasons that generally come down to bandwidth, latency and regulatory requirements.

Bandwidth
The volume of data some IoT applications create can be staggering, similar to the costs associated with sending it all to the cloud, making local processing more practical and beneficial. It’s also a gating factor for any application that requires streaming large amounts of content, including high-definition video that may be used in oil and gas exploration applications.
Latency
Some applications require extremely low latency, which is the time it takes a data packet to travel to its destination and back. Any application having to do with safety, for example – such as driverless cars, healthcare or industrial plant floor applications – require near instantaneous response time. Cloud services are not optimal in such cases due to the delay inherent in the round-trip to a centralised service.
Regulatory requirements
In highly regulated industries and regions (such as in Europe with the General Data Protection Regulation, GDPR), the way in which personal information is handled is tightly controlled, including where it is stored and how it is transmitted, driving the need for localised data centres.

In all these instances and more, edge deployments are critical in addressing these issues.

Of course, all IT is about addressing business requirements, and edge is no different. Edge computing is helping businesses as they embark on digital transformations and use IoT applications to improve the customer experience and operational efficiency as well as develop new revenue streams.

Customers see examples of IoT applications all around them. Digital signage improves their retail shopping and transportation experiences. Industrial field service personnel use augmented reality applications to help them more easily service complicated machines and devices. You can now do most of your banking from your phone and have your healthcare devices monitored from afar. IoT applications are making life easier for customers in just about every walk of life.

IoT applications help improve operational efficiency in areas such as predictive maintenance for all sorts of machinery and equipment, be it in industrial environments or data centres, to rectify issues before they cause downtime. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tracking helps retailers with inventory management and loss prevention, and enables healthcare providers to track expensive equipment, such as computers on wheels carts. Cities use IoT applications to monitor busy intersections and control traffic lights to reduce traffic jams. Indeed, improving operational efficiency is probably the biggest single reason companies deploy IoT applications.

Entirely new industries are cropping up based on IoT technology. Uber and Lyft wouldn’t be possible without it, nor would short-term bicycle and scooter rental services. Logistics companies can offer new services based on their ability to provide the real-time status of where containers are and whether climate controls are working properly. Predictive maintenance services that are valuable to customers also mean new revenue for manufacturers and service providers. A slew of home monitoring services now exist that rely on a series of sensors and Internet connectivity. Healthcare providers can now offer “digital hospital” services including remote device monitoring and analysis.

Any company, in any industry, can apply IoT technology and edge computing to develop new revenue streams as well as improve customer experiences and operational efficiency. The principle behind the applications is the same, regardless of the exact implementation: devices or sensors at one end sending data to an edge data centre for processing and perhaps some analytics, then to a more centralised application (often in the cloud) that delivers the promised benefit to the company.

It is clear that some vertical industries are emerging as early adopters of IoT technology and implementing successful applications. The lessons they’re learning apply to other verticals as well, so examining where they’ve had success can help fuel ideas for leaders in other industries.

To realise the benefits that IoT applications promise, however, requires that edge data centres have the performance and reliability that the applications demand. That presents some challenges, because edge data centres can be located literally anywhere: in a wiring closet or server room, in an office populated with employees, in a retail establishment full of employees and customers, or in a harsh outdoor environment.

No matter where it is located, ensuring reliability and performance of edge data centres involves addressing three key requirements: remote management, rapid and standardised deployment, and physical security.